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一、主谓统一的准则
主谓统一是指主语和谓语在人称和数上放弃统一。个别遵守以下准则：
1. 语法统一准则：主语和谓语在人称和数上统一。主语是复数方式，谓语动词也采取复数方式；主语是单数方式，谓语动词也采取单数方式。
2. 意义统一准则：谓语的单单数取决于主语的意义。当主语方式上为复数，但意义上却是单数时，谓语按照意义用单数方式；当主语方式上为单数，但意义上却是复数时，谓语按照意义用复数方式。
3. 就近统一准则：谓语动词的方式与临近的主语在人称和数上统一，即谓语动词的单、单数方式取决于最凑近它的主语的单、单数方式。
二、主谓统一的详细运用
1. 名词作主语
（1）个人名词作主语，假如表现总体概念，谓语动词用复数方式；假如强调个体，谓语动词用单数方式。常见的这种名词有army, audience, class, family, team, crowd, staff, government, enemy, co妹妹ittee等。有些个人名词如cattle, people, police等，通常看做单数，谓语动词必需用单数。如：
The army has advanced to the river.
The team are driving to the game in their own cars.
The police have been searching for Tom for years.
（2）单单数同形的名词作主语，应按照其意义来抉择谓语方式。如：
The only means of co妹妹unication between them was sign language.
All possible means have been tried.
（3）表现复数概念的复形名词（如学科、机构、书名、剧名等）作主语，谓语动词通罕用复数。如：
Statistics is a principal course at the business college.
General Motors produces many different types of cars.
（4）trousers, shoes, chopsticks, sunglasses等名词作主语时，谓语动词通罕用单数方式；但若其前有a pair of, a kind of等时，谓语动词个别用复数。如：
These trousers are too large.
A pair of trousers is not enough.
（5）当名词短语的核心词为表现间隔、金额、时间等的单数名词时，往往把这些单数名词看做一个总体，谓语动词用复数。如：
Seven kilometers was covered in two hours.
Two hundred dollars is a lot to me.
Ten minutes was given to prepare the answer.
（6）“more than one / many a +复数名词”作主语，谓语动词通罕用复数方式；“more +单数名词+ than one”作主语，谓语动词通罕用单数方式。如：
More than one person has been involved in this.
Many a student has seen the film.
More boxes than one have been used at the station.
（7）“分数或百分数+ of +名词”构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的单单数取决于of后名词的数。如：
Only one third of the homework was finished yesterday.
Three fourths of the students come to school on time every day.
2. 代词作主语
（1）代词each, either, neither, another以及复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Each student has a dictionary in our class.
Anyone who is over sixteen is allowed in.
（2）瓜葛代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的数应与后行词的数统一。如：
Don’t you know the people who live next door?（后行词是people）
My wife, who is out at the moment, will phone you when she gets back.（后行词是My wife）
（3）all, most, none, some等作主语时，谓语动词的方式要按照它们所替代的内容来定。如：
All who have studied this question have come to the same conclusion.
None is more qualified for the task than he.
3. 由衔接词衔接的名词或代词作主语
（1）由and或both ... and ...衔接的并列主语，假如意义为单数，谓语动词通罕用单数。但当and不表现并列意义，而是衔接两个在乎义上表现同一人、物、概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词则用复数方式。如：
Both Mike and Jim have red hair.
The writer and reporter has given us a talk.
There is a watch and chain on the table.（watch and chain带链的表）
（2）当主语后跟有阐明主语的润饰语，如由with, but, as well as, along with, rather than, together with, including, in addition to等疏导的短语时，谓语动词的人称和数与主语放弃统一。如：
The professor, together with his students, is dining here tonight.
（3）由or, either ... or ..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but also ...等衔接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要与临近的主语相统一。如：
Either his brother or his friends are wrong.
Not only I but also my sister is fond of reading.
4. 从句及非谓语动词作主语
（1）名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词通罕用复数。但若是两个或两个以上的从句由and衔接表现两个概念时，谓语动词用单数。此外，what从句作主语时，谓语动词的数由其表现的意义来抉择。如：
Whether it is a good plan or not is a matter for argument.
What caused the snow slide and how many tourists were injured are still unknown.
What I wanted to find out first was how long it was going to take.
You need not get any more stamps. What we have are enough.
（2）动词-ing方式短语或不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词通罕用复数。如：
Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.
To master science means to master laws of nature.
高考链接
用be动词的适量方式填空。
1. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it ________ more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swi妹妹ing.
2. Fast food ________ full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
3. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ________ often acceptable.
4. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and ________ too violent for use at the table.
5. Yangshuo ________ really beautiful. A study of travellers conducted by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
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